Itihaas aur Culture · History · Place · 9 min

Monte Carlo Roulette

Woh casino jisne ek chhoti si riyasat ko single-zero wheel ka ghar bana diya.

Chhota jawab

1863 mein François Blanc ke under khula Casino de Monte-Carlo ne European wheel ko continent ka standard banaya aur roulette ko uske sabse mashhoor kisse diye, Jagger ke biased wheel se 1913 ke 26 blacks tak.

khula
1863
operator
François Blanc
26 blacks
18 August 1913
income tax khatam
1869

Monaco hi kyun

1850 ke dashak mein Monaco ek diwaliya chattan tha jismein ek prince, ek mahal tha aur koi industry nahi. German states mein, jahan spa casinos phal-phool rahe the, gambling par ban lag raha tha. Prince Charles III ne 1856 mein casino concession diya; pehli koshishein railway aur sadak na hone se fail huin. François Blanc, jinhone Bad Homburg ko mashhoor kiya tha, ne 1863 mein concession khareeda, Société des Bains de Mer banayi, Nice se railway ke liye lobbying ki, aur naye ilaake ka naam prince ke naam par Monte Carlo rakha. Casino ne state ko itna paisa diya ki 1869 mein income tax khatam kar diya gaya aur kabhi wapas nahi aaya.

Bad Homburg aur Spa Casinos

Single zero ek policy ke roop mein

Blanc Homburg se single-zerowheelZeroAkela green pocket jise koi even-money, dozen ya column bet cover nahi karta; house edge ka source. Doosre naam: single zero, 0.Poora padhein → wheel laaye. Monte Carlo mein yeh muqable ki chaal nahi, standard tha: har table, har din. Poore Europe ke players ne 2.70% par Monte Carlo roulette game seekha aur doosri jagah bhi yahi umeed ki, isiliye double zerovariantDouble zeroAmerican wheel ka 00 pocket. Iske hone se house edge 2.70% se badhkar 5.26% ho jaata hai.Poora padhein → sirf wahin bacha hai jahan Monte Carlo ne kabhi norm tay nahi kiya.

Monte Carlo aur wheel
1856

Monaco mein pehla casino concession. Fail: na sadak, na railway, kam players.

1863

François Blanc kaam sambhalte hain. Société des Bains de Mer ki sthapna.

1868

Nice se railway khulti hai. Visitors trainon bhar kar aate hain.

1869

Monaco mein income tax khatam.

lagbhag 1880

Joseph Jagger wheels mein bias dhoondhte hain aur bahut paisa jeette hain; casino apne wheels idhar-udhar karta hai, phir badal deta hai.

1891

Charles Wells kuch hi dinon mein kai baar “bank todte” hain, kismat aur ek system ke saath jo unhone kabhi samjhaya nahi.

1913

Lagataar 26 blacks. Gambler’s fallacy ko uska doosra naam milta hai.

1933

French casinos phir khulne par Casino de Monte-Carlo Riviera gambling par apni monopoly kho deta hai.

Europe mein RouletteEuropean Roulette

Bank todna

Har Monte Carlo roulette table ka ek cash reserve hota tha, “bank”. Jab koi player reserve se zyada jeet leta, toh aur cash laane tak table par blackbetBlack18 black numbers par even-money bet. French mein: noir.Poora padhein → kapda daal diya jaata: bank “toot” gaya. Aisa aksar hota tha aur yeh shaandaar publicity thi; iska matlab yeh nahi tha ki casino kul mila kar paisa haar gaya, bas ek table ka float khatam ho gaya. Charles Wells ne 1891 mein ek gazab run ke saath kai baar aisa kiya, ek music-hall gaane ka vishay bane, aur usi sardi mein uska kuch hissa wapas haar gaye.

Toota bank: aur cash aane tak table par kaala kapda.

Woh Aadmi Jisne Bank Tod Diya

Kahaniyan

Joseph Jagger ka biased wheellabBiased wheelAisa wheel jiske physical defects kuch pockets ko 1/37 se zyada likely bana dete hain. Bahut kam milta hai, aur hazaron record kiye gaye spins se hi pakda ja sakta hai.Poora padhein → (lagbhag 1880), Wells (1891) aur 26 blacks (1913) sab yahin hue, aur har ek ka apna page hai. Casino ke publicity department ne, jo apne zamane se aage tha, dhyan rakha ki har kahani London ke akhbaaron mein chhape. Ek aisi jagah ki legend jahan kismat banti thi, 2.70% ke kisi imaandaar account se zyada railway tickets bechti thi.

kahanisaalasal mein kya huaseekh
Jagger ka wheellagbhag 1880ek asli bias, record kiye data se faayda uthaya gaya, casino ne theek kiyabias hota hai; maintenance bhi
Wells bank todte hain1891kismat aur ek secret system; usi sardi mein kuch wapas haar gayevariance, system nahi
26 blacks1913137 million mein 1 ka run; uske khilaaf bet lagane wale players haaregambler’s fallacy
kaala kapdabaar-baarek table ka float khatam, casino ka nahipublicity

Aaj ka Monte Carlo roulette game

Casino aaj bhi chalta hai, aur roulette aaj bhi main salon ka center hai, single-zero wheels aur French rules ke saath (even money par la partageniyamLa partageFrench rule: zero aane par even-money stake ka aadha wapas milta hai. In bets par house edge aadha hokar 1.35% ho jaata hai.Poora padhein → ya en prisonniyamEn prisonFrench rule: zero aane par even-money bet haarne ke bajaye agle spin ke liye rok liya jaata hai. In bets par house edge aadha ho jaata hai.Poora padhein →). Société des Bains de Mer aaj bhi riyasat ki main company hai. Maths ka Monte Carlo method, jiska naam 1940 ke dashak mein Ulam aur von Neumann ne is casino par rakha, wahi hai jo is site ke simulators chalata hai.

En Prison Roulette RuleFrench Roulette

Sawaal

Kya Monaco ke nagrik casino mein jua khel sakte hain?

Nahi. 19vi sadi se un par rok hai; casino visitors ke liye tha.

Kya 26-black run documented hai?

Baad ke accounts mein yeh lagataar bataya gaya hai; us daur ke casino ke apne records public nahi hain. ProbabilityganitProbabilityKisi outcome ka chance, 0 se 1 tak ya 0% se 100% tak. Ek number: 1/37 = 2.70%.Poora padhein → ke hisaab se pachaas saal ke khel mein kahin na kahin aisa hona mel khata hai.

Simulation method ko Monte Carlo kyun kehte hain?

Stanislaw Ulam ke chacha wahan jua khelte the; Manhattan Project par random sampling ke liye yeh naam code word tha.

Thodi hansi

Bank aksar toota. Casino par kabhi shak nahi hua.

Bank aksar toota. Casino par kabhi shak nahi hua.

Sources

  1. Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling. Gotham, 2006.
  2. Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel. Lyle Stuart, 1983.
  3. Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005.
2026-09-28 ko review kiyamodel: European, single zero walamethodology ↗sources ↗